Non-target effects of insecticides commonly used against lepidopteran pests on the predator, Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter, 1895) (Hemiptera: Miridae), under greenhouse conditions

Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter, 1895) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is the most widely used biological control agent of tomato pests, particularly leafminer. Five treatments, spinetoram, chlorantraniliprole + abamectin, thiamethoxam, emamectin benzoate and dimethoate were tested on N. under greenhouse conditions in summer autumn 2018 Malatya Province, Turkey. After insecticide application, counted days 1, 4, 7, 14, 21 28. The non-target effects insecticides are classified according to IOBC toxicity categories. Spinetoram caused 24 52% mortality experiments, respectively compatible with considering both seasons. Therefore, it recommended for IPM. Chlorantraniliprole abamectin was as slightly harmful experiment resulted 45% mortality, however, conditions, 79% harmful. This effect seen cooler should be consider planning thiamethoxam 62 63% which increasing up final day assessment, whereas high 86 87% autumn, respectively. Thus, concluded that these latter two not .